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Vocabulario médico

By 31 January, 2018 No Comments

¡Hola a todos!

Este mes hemos querido compartir con vosotros un post sobre vocabulario médico:

Word
palabra

Meaning
significado
Example sentence
frase de ejémplo
ache
noun/verb
dolor

pain that won’t go awayI can’t sleep because my knees ache in the night.
allergy noun
allergic adjalergia/ alérgico

a body’s abnormal reaction to certain foods or environmental substancesYour son is extremely allergic to peanuts.
ambulance
noun
ambulancia

emergency vehicle that rushes people to a hospitalWe called the ambulance when he stopped breathing.
amnesia
noun
amnesia

a condition that causes people to lose their memoryI can’t remember the accident because I had amnesia.
amputation noun
amputate verbamputación/ amputar

permanent removal of a limbWe had to amputate his leg because the infection spread so quickly.
anaemia noun
anaemic adjanemia/anémico

occurs when the body doesn’t have enough red blood cellsI have low energy because I am anaemic.
antibiotics
noun
antibióticos

medication that kills bacteria and cures infectionsMy throat infection went away after I started the antibiotics.
anti-depressant
nounantidepresivos

medication that helps relieve anxiety and sadnessThe anti-depressants helped me get on with life after she died.
appointment
noun
cita
a scheduled meeting with a medical professionalI have made you an appointment with a specialist in two week’s time.
arthritis
noun
artritis
a disease that causes the joints to become swollen and crippledMy mum can’t knit anymore because the arthritis in her hands is so bad.
asthma (attack)
noun
asma
a condition that causes a blockage of the airway and makes it difficult for a person to breatheI carry an inhaler when I run because I have asthma.
bacteria
noun
bacteria
a disease-causing organismTo prevent the spread of bacteria it is important that nurses wash their hands often.
benign
adj
benigno
not harmful (not cancerous)We’re hoping that the tests will show that the lump in your breast is benign.
biopsy
noun
biopsia

removal of human tissue in order to conduct certain medical testsThe biopsy ruled out a number of illnesses.
blood count
noun
recuento de glóbulos

the amount of red and white blood cells a person hasYou will be happy to know that your blood count is almost back to normal.
blood donor
noun
donante de sangre

a person who gives blood to a blood bank or other personBlood donors have to answer questions about their medical history.
blood pressure
noun
presión sanguínea

the rate at which blood flows through the body (high/low)High blood pressure puts you at risk of having a heart attack.
brace
noun
abrazadera
a device that holds injured body parts in placeYou will probably always have to wear a brace on your ankle when you jog.
broken
adj
roto
a bone that is divided in two or more pieces as a result of an injuryWe thought it was just a sprain, but it turned out his leg was broken.
bruise noun
bruised adjmoratón/ magullado

injured body tissue that is visible underneath the skinThe woman was badly bruised when she came into the emergency room.
Caesarean section, C-section
noun
cesárea

procedure that involves removing a baby from its mother through an incision in the woman’s lower abdomenThe baby was so large that we had to perform a Caesarean section.
cancer
noun
cáncer
disease caused by the uncontrollable growth of cellsThere are many different options when it comes to treating cancer.
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
noun
reanimación cardiopulmonar
restoring a person’s breath and circulationYou saved your brother’s life by performing CPR.
cast
noun
yeso

a hard bandage that is wrapped around a broken bone to keep it in placeMy leg was in a cast for graduation.
chemotherapy
nounquimioterapia

type of treatment used on cancer patientsMy mother has already had three rounds of chemotherapy.
chickenpox
noun
varicela
a virus commonly contracted by children, characterized by itchy spotsIt is best to get chickenpox as a child so that you don’t get it worse as an adult.
coroner
noun
juez de instrucción

a person who determines the cause of death after a person diesWe only call the coroner if we think a death is suspicious.
crutches
noun
muletas

objects that people with injured legs or feet use to help them walkI’d rather hop on one foot than use crutches.
deaf
adj
sordo

unable to hearThe accident left the patient both deaf and blind.
deficiency
noun
deficiencia

a lack of something necessary for one’s healthThe tests show that you have an iron deficiency.
dehydrated
adj
deshidratado

in need of waterIt is easy for the elderly to become dehydrated in this heat.
dementia
noun
demencia

loss of mental capacityIt is hard to watch a loved one suffering with dementia.
diabetes
noun
diabetes
type of disease typically involving insulin deficiencyPeople with diabetes have to constantly check their blood sugar levels.
diagnosis
noun
diagnóstico
medical explanation of an illness or conditionThe doctor would prefer to share the diagnosis with the patient himself.
discomfort
nounincomodidad

experiencing painThis pain medication should relieve some of your discomfort.
disease
noun
enfermedad

a medical disorder that is harmful to a person’s healthI understand that this disease runs in your family.
dislocated
adj
dislocado

when a bone is temporarily separated from its jointYou will have to wear a sling because of your dislocated shoulder.
emergency
noun
urgencia
a medical problem that needs immediate attentionIt is important that children know which number to dial in case of an emergency.
family history
noun
historial familiar
medical background of a person’s family membersThe doctor was concerned about my family history of skin cancer.
fatal
adj
fatal
causing deathThe doctor made a fatal error when he wrote the wrong prescription.
fever noun
feverish adjfiebre/ febril

higher than normal body temperatureHe is very feverish, and his temperature is near danger point.
flu (influenza)
noun
gripe

many types of respiratory or intestinal infections passed on through a virusPeople who have the flu should not visit hospital patients.
fracture noun
fractured adjfractura/ fracturado

broken or cracked boneYour wrist is fractured and needs a cast.
germ
noun
germen
a micro-organism, especially one that causes diseaseFlowers are not allowed in the ward to avoid the risk of germs being brought in.
genetic
adj
genético

a medical condition or physical feature that is passed on in the familyThe disease is part genetic and part environmental.
growth
noun
crecimiento

a ball of tissue that grows bigger than normal, either on or under the skinThat growth on your shoulder is starting to worry me.
heart attack
noun
ataque al corazón

instance in which blood stops pumping through the heartPeople who smoke are at greater risk of having a heart attack.
HIV
noun
VIH

the virus that infects the human T-cells and leads to AIDSHIV can be passed down from the mother to her fetus.
hives
noun
urticaria

bumps that appear on the surface of the skin during an allergic reactionI broke out in hives after I ate that potato casserole.
illness noun
ill adjenfermedad/ enfermo

general term for any condition that makes a person feel sick for a certain period of timeHer illness went away when she started eating better.
immune system
noun
sistema inmunológico

the parts of the body that fight diseases, infections, and virusesYou can’t have visitors because your immune system is low.
incision
noun
incisión

cut in the body made during surgeryI had to have stitches to close the incision.
inconclusive
adj
poco concluyente
unclearWe have to do more x-rays because the first ones were inconclusive.
infection noun
infected adjinfección/ infectado

diseased area of the body (viral or bacterial)The wound should be covered when you swim to prevent it from becoming infected.
inflamed
adj
inflamado

appearance (red and swollen) of an injured body partMy right ankle was so inflamed it was twice the size of my left one.
injury
noun
lesión

damage to the bodyHer injuries were minor; just a few cuts and bruises.
intensive care unit (ICU)
noun
UCI

section of the hospital where patients get constant attention.She will remain in the ICU until she can breathe on her own.
internal
adj
interno

under the skin, inside the organsThe doctors will be monitoring her for any internal bleeding.
lab (laboratory)
noun
laboratorio

place where samples of blood/urine etc. are taken for testingI’ll take these samples down to the lab on my way out.
life support
noun
soporte vital

a machine that keeps patients alive by helping them breatheThe woman has severe brain damage and is currently on life support.
malignant
adj
maligno

expected to grow and get much worse (especially related to cancerous cells)I’m afraid at least one of the tumours is malignant.
newborn
noun
recién nacido

an infant that is less than three months oldYou have to support her neck because she is still a newborn.
numb
adj
entumecido

no feeling in a certain body partThe needle will make your lower body feel numb.
OR (operating room)
noun
quirófano

the place where major surgeries and operations take placeYou must wear a face mask and gloves while you are in the OR.
operationnoun
operate onverboperación
a medical procedure that involves going inside a person’s body in an attempt to fix a problemThe operation lasted seven hours, but it was successful.
pain
noun
dolor

strong discomfort in certain areas of the bodyWe gave your husband some medicine to relieve some of the pain.
pain killer, pain reliever
noun
analgésico

type of medicine that takes away some or all of the discomfort of an illness or injuryYou can take two pain killers every four hours.
paralyzed
adj
paralizado

unable to move certain areas of the bodyWe thought her legs were paralyzed for life, but she is learning how to walk.
patient
noun
paciente

a person staying in a hospital or medical facilityThe patients in Room 2 are not getting along.
pharmacist
nounfarmacéutico

a person who fills a doctor’s prescriptionAsk the pharmacist if there is a generic brand of this medication.
pharmacy, drugstore
noun
farmacia

a place where people go to buy medication and other medical suppliesYou should be able to buy a bandage at the pharmacy.
poison noun
poisonousadjveneno/ venenoso

a substance that is very dangerous if it enters the human bodyThe child was bitten by a poisonous snake.
prenatal
adj
prenatal
of the time period leading up to giving birthThe woman was well prepared for labour because she took the prenatal classes.
prescriptionnoun
prescribeverbprescripción/ prescribir

the correct amount and type of medication needed to cure an illness or relieve symptomsYou will need to visit your doctor to get another prescription.
radiation
noun
radiación

high energy X-rays that destroy cancer cellsIf the radiation doesn’t kill all of the abnormal cells, the cancer will come back.
routine check-up
noun
control rutinario

a doctor’s appointment to check a person’s general healthI’d like to see you a year from now for a routine check-up.
scrubs
noun
uniforme

plain uniform (usually green, white, or blue) worn by medical professionalsI have some extra scrubs in my locker.
second opinion
noun
segunda opinión

input from a second doctor about an illness or symptomI went to another doctor to get a second opinion about these headaches.
shock
noun
shock

body not getting enough blood flowThe woman was in shock after being pulled from the river.
side effects
noun
efectos secundarios

other symptoms that might occur as a result of a certain medication or procedureOne of the side effects of antidepressants is a loss of appetite.
sore
adj
dolorido
painfulI have a sore throat and a runny nose.
spasm
noun
espasmo

the uncontrollable tightening of a muscleEver since I injured my leg I’ve been having muscle spasms in my upper thigh.
specialist
noun
especialista

a doctor that is an expert in a certain kind of medicineMy family doctor is sending me to a specialist.
sprain
noun/verbesguince

an injury (less serious than a break) to a joint (ankle, wrist, knee…)sprained my knee playing soccer.
stress noun
stressed adjestrés/ estresado

worry that causes muscles to tighten and blood pressure to riseYou need to take some time off work and relieve some of your stress.
swellingnoun
swollen adj hinchazón/ hinchado
ligaments (parts that hold the joints together) growing bigger and rounder after an injury to a jointI knew my ankle was sprained because it was so swollen.
symptoms
noun
síntomas

pain or physical changes that occur because of an illness or diseaseYou have all of the symptoms of a diabetic.
temperature
noun
temperatura
amount of heat measured in a body; higher than normal temperatureWe brought Jesse to emergency because he was running a (high) temperature.
tender
adj
delicado

painful when touched or usedThe incision was tender after the surgery.
test results
noun
resultados
medical information that helps doctors understand a patient’s condition or bodyThe test results came back negative. You aren’t pregnant.
therapy
noun
terapia
treatment aimed at improving a person’s mental or physical conditionI was able to go back to work a few weeks after starting the therapy.
transplant
noun
trasplante

moving of an organ from one human to anotherThe heart transplant saved your life.
ultrasound
noun
ultrasonido
a test that examines the body’s internal organs and processes using sound wavesThe ultrasound shows that we are expecting a baby boy.
umbilical cord
noun
cordón umbilical
the lifeline from the mother to the fetus (when cut at birth this forms the belly button)I had an emergency C-section because the umbilical cord was wrapped around the baby’s neck.
unconscious
adj
inconsciente
alive, but appearing to be asleep and unaware of the surroundingsI hit my head on the steering wheel and was still unconscious when the ambulance arrived.
urine sample
noun
muestra de orina
a small amount of the body’s liquid waste that is tested for different medical reasonsThe urine sample tells us how much alcohol is in your blood.
vein
noun
vena

the thin tubes that transport blood around the body and back to the heartI’m just looking for the best vein in which to insert the needle.
virus
noun
virus

a dangerous organism that causes the spread of minor and major diseasesThe virus is contractible through the exchange of bodily fluids.
visiting hours
noun
horario de visitas

time of day when friends and family are allowed to visit patients in hospitalI’m afraid you’ll have to come back during visiting hours.
vomit
noun/verb
vómito/ vomitar

discharge of a person stomach contents through the mouthThe pregnant woman can’t stop vomiting.
wheelchair
noun
silla de ruedas

a chair on wheels used for transporting patients from place to placeIf you get in the wheelchair I’ll take you down to see the garden.
x-ray
noun/verbradiografía

a photograph of a person’s bones and organsThe technician took x-rays of my shoulder to make sure it wasn’t broken.

¿Conocíais todas estas palabras?